This field contains 40 character positions (00-39)
that provide coded information about the record as a whole and about special
bibliographic aspects of the item being cataloged. These coded data elements are
potentially useful for retrieval and data management purposes.
The data
elements are positionally-defined. Character positions that are not defined
contain a blank (#). All defined character positions must contain a defined
code; for some field 008 positions, this may be the fill character (|). The fill
character may be used (in certain character positions) when a cataloging
organization makes no attempt to code the character position. The fill character
is not allowed in field 008 positions 00-05 (Date entered on file). Its use is
discouraged in positions 07-10 (Date 1), 15-17 (Place of publication,
production, or execution), and the 008 position defined for Form of item (either
position 23 or 29 depending upon the 008 configuration).
Character positions
00-17 and 35-39 are defined the same across all types of material, with special
consideration for position 06. The definition of character positions 18-34 was
done independently for each type of material, although certain date elements are
defined the same in the specifications for more than one type of material. When
similar data elements are defined for inclusion in field 008 for different types
of material, they occupy the same field 008 character positions.
In the
following documentation, character positions are described in the order of their
listing at the beginning of this section. Field 008 positions 00-17 and 35-39
for all types of material are described first, followed by seven groups of
sections for positions 18-34, each relating to one of the seven types of
material described in the Introduction.
Go to top of
document
Character Positions
- 00-05 - Date entered on file
The computer-generated, six-character
numeric string that indicates the date the MARC record was created. The date
is recorded in the pattern yymmdd.
- 06 - Type of date/Publication status
A one-character code that
indicates that categorizes the type of dates given in 008/07-10 (Date 1) and
008/11-14 (Date 2). For serially-issued items, the code in 008/06 also
indicates the publication status.
The choice of code for 008/06 is made
concurrently with a determination of the appropriate dates for 008/07-14. For
most records data is derived from information in field 260 (Publication,
Distribution, etc. (Imprint)), field 362 (Dates of Publication and/or Volume
Designation), or from note fields.
- b - No dates given; B.C. date involved
Each character position in
fields 008/07-10 and 008/11-14 contains a blank (#).
- c - Serial item currently published
008/07-10 contain the beginning
date of publication; 008/11-14 contain 9999.
- d - Serial item ceased publication
008/07-10 contain the beginning
date of publication; 008/11-14 contain the ending date of publication.
- e - Detailed date
008/07-10 contain the year and 008/11-14 contain
the month and day, recorded in the pattern mmdd.
- i - Inclusive dates of collection
- k - Range of years of bulk of collection
- m - Multiple dates
008/07-10 usually contain the beginning date and
008/11-14 the ending date.
- n - Dates unknown
Each character position in fields 008/07-10 and
008/11-14 contains a blank (#).
- p - Date of distribution/release/issue and production/recording session
when different
- q - Questionable date
008/07-10 contain the earliest possible date;
008/11-14 contain the latest possible date.
- r - Reprint/reissue date and original date
008/07-10 contain the
date of reproduction or reissue; 008/11-14 contain the date of the original,
if known; 008/11-14 contain code u ("uuuu"), if unknown.
- s - Single known date/probable date
008/07-10 contain the date;
008/11-14 contain blanks (####).
- t - Publication date and copyright date
- u - Serial status unknown
008/07-10 contain the beginning date of
publication; 008/11-14 contain code u ("uuuu").
- | - No attempt to code
- 07-10 - Date 1
The determination of dates for 008/07-10 is made
concurrently with the choice of code for 008/06 (Type of date/publication
status). The use of fill characters in 008/07-10, although possible, is
discouraged since the data in Date 1 is used for retrieval and duplicate
detection in many systems. When fill is used in 008/07-10, all four positions
must contain the fill character.
- # - Date element is not applicable
- u - Date element is totally or partially unknown
- | - No attempt to code
- 11-14 - Date 2
The determination of dates for 008/11-14 is made
concurrently with the choice of code for 008/06 (Type of date/publication
status). When fill is used in 008/11-14, all four positions must contain the
fill character.
- # - Date element is not applicable
- u - Date element is totally or partially unknown
- | - No attempt to code
- 15-17 - Place of publication, production, or execution
A two- or
three-character MARC code that indicates the place of publication, production,
or execution. The place code is an authoritative-agency data element. The
source of the code is MARC
Code List for Countries that is maintained by the Library of Congress.
Choice of a MARC code is generally related to information in field 260
(Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint)). The code recorded in 008/15-17 is
used in conjunction with field 044 (Country of Producer Code) when more than
one code is appropriate to an item. The first code in subfield $a of field 044
is recorded in 008/15-17. Three fill characters (|||) may be used in place of
a valid code, but their use in 008/15-17 is discouraged. The data in this
field 008 data element is used for retrieval and duplicate detection in many
systems. When fill is used in 008/15-17, all three positions must contain the
fill character.
- 35-37 - Language
A three-character MARC code that indicates the
language of the item. The source of the code is MARC Code List for
Languages that is maintained by the Library of Congress. Choice of a
MARC code is based on the predominant language of the item. Three fill
characters (|||) may also be used if no attempt is made to code 008/35-37.
- 38 - Modified record
A one-character code that indicates whether any
data in a bibliographic record is a modification of information that appeared
on the item being cataloged or that was intended to be included in the MARC
record. Codes are assigned a priority (recorded in the order of the following
list) that determines which code is input when more than one code applies to
the item.
- # - Not modified
- d - Dashed-on information omitted
- o - Completely romanized/printed cards romanized
- r - Completely romanized/printed cards in script
- s - Shortened
Some of the data has been omitted because the record
would have exceeded the maximum length allowed by a particular system.
- x - Missing characters
Characters that could not be converted into
machine-readable form due to character set limitations are missing from the
record.
- | - No attempt to code
- 39 - Cataloging source
A one-character code that indicates the creator
of the original cataloging record. The NUC symbol or the name of the
organization may be contained in subfield $a of field 040 (Cataloging Source).
- # - National bibliographic agency
- c - Cooperative cataloging program
The creator of the bibliographic
data is a participant (other than a national bibliographic agency) in a
cooperative cataloging program.
- d - Other
- u - Unknown
An organization has transcribed a manual bibliographic
record from an unknown source.
- | - No attempt to code
Go to top of
document
Character Positions
- 18-21 - Illustrations
Up to four one-character codes (recorded in
alphabetical order) that indicate the presence of types of illustrations in
the item. If fewer than four codes are assigned, the codes are left justified
and each unused position contains a blank (#).
- # - No illustrations
- a - Illustrations
- b - Maps
- c - Portraits
- d - Charts
- e - Plans
- f - Plates
- g - Music
- h - Facsimiles
- i - Coats of arms
- j - Genealogical tables
- k - Forms
- l - Samples
- m - Phonodisc, phonowire, etc.
- o - Photographs
- p - Illuminations
- | - No attempt to code
- 22 - Target audience
A one-character code that indicates the audience
for which the item is intended.
- # - Unknown or not specified
- a - Preschool
- b - Primary
- c - Elementary and junior high
- d - Secondary (senior high)
- e - Adult
- f - Specialized
- g - General
- j - Juvenile
- | - No attempt to code
- 23 - Form of item
A one-character code that indicates the form of
material for the item.
- # - None of the following
- a - Microfilm
- b - Microfiche
- c - Microopaque
- d - Large print
- f - Braille
- r - Regular print reproduction
Eye-readable print.
- s - Electronic
- | - No attempt to code
- 24-27 - Nature of contents
Up to four one-character codes (recorded in
alphabetical order) that indicate whether a significant part of the item is or
contains certain types of material. If fewer than four codes are assigned, the
codes are left justified and each unused position contains a blank (#).
- # - No specified nature of contents
- a - Abstracts/summaries
The item is or contains abstracts or
summaries of other publications.
- b - Bibliographies
- c - Catalogs
- d - Dictionaries
This code is also used for a glossary or a
gazetteer.
- e - Encyclopedias
- f - Handbooks
- g - Legal articles
- i - Indexes
The item is or contains an index to bibliographical
material other than itself.
- j - Patent document
- k - Discographies
- l - Legislation
The item is or contains full or partial texts of
enactments of legislative bodies or texts of rules and regulations issued by
executive or administrative agencies.
- m - Theses
Indicates that the item is a thesis, dissertation, or
work identified as having been created to satisfy the requirements for an
academic certification or degree.
- n - Surveys of literature in a subject area
The item is or contains
authored surveys that summarize what has been published about a subject.
- o - Reviews
The item is or contains critical reviews of published or
performed works.
- p - Programmed texts
- q - Filmographies
- r - Directories
- s - Statistics
- t - Technical reports
- v - Legal cases and case notes
- w - Law reports and digests
- z - Treaties
Indicates that the item is a treaty or accord
negotiated between two or more parties to settle a disagreement, establish a
relationship, grant rights, etc.
- | - No attempt to code
- 28 - Government publication
A one-character code that indicates
whether the item is published or produced by or for a government agency, and,
if so, the jurisdictional level of the agency.
- # - Not a government publication
- a - Autonomous or semi-autonomous component
- c - Multilocal
- f - Federal/national
- i - International intergovernmental
- l - Local
- m - Multistate
- o - Government publication--level undetermined
- s - State, provincial, territorial, dependent, etc.
- u - Unknown if item is government publication
- z - Other
- | - No attempt to code
- 29 - Conference publication
A one-character code that indicates
whether the item consists of the proceedings, reports, or summaries of a
conference.
- 0 - Not a conference publication
- 1 - Conference publication
- | - No attempt to code
- 30 - Festschrift
A one-character code that indicates whether the item
is a festschrift.
- 0 - Not a festschrift
- 1 - Festschrift
- | - No attempt to code
- 31 - Index
A one-character code that indicates whether the item
includes an index to its own contents.
- 0 - No index
- 1 - Index present
- | - No attempt to code
- 32 - Undefined
Contains a blank (#) or fill character (|)
- 33 - Literary form
Indicates the literary form of an item. Numeric
codes 0 and 1 provide a generic identification of whether or not the item is a
work of fiction. Alphabetic codes may be used to identify specific literary
forms.
- 0 - Not fiction (not further specified)
- 1 - Fiction (not further specified)
- c - Comic strips
- d - Dramas
- e - Essays
- f - Novels
- h - Humor, satires, etc.
Indicates that the item is a humorous work,
satire, or of a similar literary form.
- i - Letters
Indicates that the item is a single letter or collection
of correspondence.
- j - Short stories
Indicates that the item is a short story or
collection of short stories.
- m - Mixed forms
Indicates that the items represents a variety of
literary forms (e.g., poetry and short stories).
- p - Poetry
- s - Speeched
- u - Unknown
- | - No attempt to code
- 34 - Biography
A one-character code that indicates whether the item
contains biographical material, and, if so, what the biographical
characteristics are.
- # - No biographical material
- a - Autobiography
- b - Individual biography
- c - Collective biography
- d - Contains biographical information
- | - No attempt to code
Go to top of
document
Character Positions
- 18-21 - Undefined
Each contains a blank (#) or fill character (|)
- 20-21 - Undefined
Each contains a blank (#) or a fill character ( | )
- 22 - Target audience
A one-character code that indicates the audience
for which the item (primarily educational computer file material) is intended.
- # - Unknown or not specified
- a - Preschool
- b - Primary
Kindergarten through the third grade.
- c - Elementary and junior high
- d - Secondary (senior high)
- e - Adult
- f - Specialized
- g - General
- j - Juvenile
- | - No attempt to code
- 23-25 - Undefined
Each contains a blank (#) or fill character (|)
- 26 - Type of computer file
A one-character code that indicates the
type of computer file described in the bibliographic record.
- a - Numeric data
- b - Computer program
- c - Representational
Pictorial or graphic information that can be
manipulated in conjunction with other types of files to produce graphic
patterns that can be used to interpret and give meaning to the information.
- d - Document
- e - Bibliographic data
- f - Font
- g - Game
- h - Sound
- i - Interactive multimedia
- j - Online system or service
- m - Combination
- u - Unknown
- z - Other
- | - No attempt to code
- 27 - Undefined
Contains a blank (#) or fill character (|)
- 28 - Government publication
A one-character code that indicates
whether the computer file is published or produced by or for a government
agency, and, if so, the jurisdictional level of the agency.
- # - Not a government publication
- a - Autonomous or semi-autonomous component
- c - Multilocal
- f - Federal/national
- i - International intergovernmental
- l - Local
- m - Multistate
- o - Government publication--level undetermined
- s - State, provincial, territorial, dependent, etc.
- u - Unknown if item is government publication
- z - Other
- | - No attempt to code
- 29-34 - Undefined
Each contains a blank (#) or fill character
(|)
Go to top of
document
Character Positions
- 18-21 - Relief
Up to four one-character codes that indicate the relief
type specified on the item. Codes are recorded in order of their importance to
the described item. If fewer than four codes are assigned, the codes are left
justified and each unused position contains a blank (#).
- # - No relief shown
- a - Contours
- b - Shading
- c - Gradient and bathymetric tints
- d - Hachures
- e - Bathymetry/soundings
- f - Form lines
- g - Spot heights
- i - Pictorially
- j - Land forms
- k - Bathymetry/isolines
- m - Rock drawings
- z - Other relief type
- | - No attempt to code
- 22-23 - Projection
A two-character code that indicates the projection
used in producing the item.
- ## - Projection not specified
- aa - Aitoff
- ab - Gnomic
- ac - Lambert's azimuthal equal area
- ad - Orthographic
- ae - Azimuthal equidistant
- af - Stereographic
- ag - General vertical near-sided
- am - Modified stereographic for Alaska
- an - Chamberlin trimetric
- ap - Polar stereographic
- au - Azimuthal, specific type unknown
- az - Azimuthal, other
- ba - Gall
- bb - Goode's homolographic
- bc - Lambert's cylindrical equal area
- bd - Mercator
- be - Miller
- bf - Mollweide
- bg - Sinusoidal
- bh - Transverse Mercator
- bi - Gauss-Kruger
- bj - Equirectangular
- bo - Oblique Mercator
- br - Robinson
- bs - Space oblique Mercator
- bu - Cylindrical, specific type unknown
- bz - Cylindrical, other
- ca - Alber's equal area
- cb - Bonne
- cc - Lambert's conformal conic
- ce - Equidistant conic
- cp - Polyconic
- cu - Conic, specific type unknown
- cz - Conic, other
- da - Armadillo
- db - Butterfly
- dc - Eckert
- dd - Goode's homolosine
- de - Miller's bipolar oblique conformal conic
- df - Van Der Grinten
- dg - Dimaxion
- dh - Cordiform
- dl - Lambert conformal
- zz - Other
- || - No attempt to code
- 24 - Undefined; contains a blank (#) or a fill character (|)
- 25 - Type of cartographic material
A one-character code that indicates
the type of nonbook cartographic item described in the bibliographic record.
- a - Single map
- b - Map series
A number of related but physically separate and
bibliographically distinct cartographic units intended by the producer or
issuing body to form a single group.
- c - Map serial
A cartographic publication issued in successive parts
bearing numerical or chronological designations and intended to be continued
indefinitely.
- d - Globe
- e - Atlas
- f - Separate map supplement to another work
- g - Map bound as part of another work
- u - Unknown
- z - Other
- | - No attempt to code
- 26-27 - Undefined
Each contains a blank (#) or fill character (|)
- 28 - Government publication
A one-character code that indicates
whether the item is published or produced by or for a government agency, and,
if so, the jurisdictional level of the agency.
- # - Not a government publication
- a - Autonomous or semi-autonomous component
- c - Multilocal
- f - Federal/national
- i - International intergovernmental
- l - Local
- m - Multistate
- o - Government publication--level undetermined
- s - State, provincial, territorial, dependent, etc.
- u - Unknown if item is government publication
- z - Other
- | - No attempt to code
- 29 - Form of item
A one-character code that indicates the form of
material for the item.
- # - None of the following
- a - Microfilm
- b - Microfiche
- c - Microopaque
- d - Large print
- f - Braille
- r - Regular print reproduction
Eye-readable print.
- s - Electronic
- | - No attempt to code
- 30 - Undefined
Contains a blank (#) or fill character (|)
- 31 - Index
A one-character code that indicates whether the item or
accompanying material includes a location index or gazetteer.
- 0 - No index
- 1 - Index present
- | - No attempt to code
- 32 - Undefined
Contains a blank (#) or fill character (|)
- 33-34 - Special format characteristics
Up to two one-character codes
that indicate the special format characteristics of the map. Codes are
recorded in order of their importance to the described item. If only one code
is assigned, it is left justified and the unused position contains a blank
(#).
- # - No specified special format characteristics
- e - Manuscript
- j - Picture card, post card
- k - Calendar
- l - Puzzle
- n - Game
- o - Wall map
- p - Playing cards
- q - Large print
- r - Loose-leaf
- z - Other
- | - No attempt to code
Go to top of
document
Character Positions
- 18-19 - Form of composition
A two-character code that indicates the
form of composition of printed or manuscript music or a musical sound
recording. The codes are based on Library of Congress subject headings. If
more than one code is appropriate, the code mu (Multiple forms) is used
in 008/18-19 and all appropriate specific codes are given in field 047 (Form
of Composition).
- an - Anthems
- bd - Ballads
- bg - Bluegrass music
- bl - Blues
- bt - Ballets
- ca - Chaconnes
- cb - Chants, Other religions
- cc - Chant, Christian
- cg - Concerti grossi
- ch - Chorales
- cl - Chorale preludes
- cn - Canons and rounds
- co - Concertos
- cp - Chansons, polyphonic
- cr - Carols
- cs - Chance compositions
- ct - Cantatas
- cy - Country music
- cz - Canzonas
- df - Dance forms
Separate codes are defined for mazurkas, minuets,
pavans, polonaises, and waltzes.
- dv - Divertimentos, serenades, cassations, divertissements, notturni
- fg - Fugues
- fm - Folk music
- ft - Fantasias
- gm - Gospel music
- hy - Hymns
- jz - Jazz
- mc - Musical revues and comedies
- md - Madrigals
- mi - Minuets
- mo - Motets
- mp - Motion picture music
- mr - Marches
- ms - Masses
- mu - Multiple forms
- mz - Mazurkas
- nc - Nocturnes
- nn - Not applicable
- op - Operas
- or - Oratorios
- ov - Overtures
- pg - Program music
- pm - Passion music
- po - Polonaises
- pp - Popular music
- pr - Preludes
- ps - Passacaglias
- pt - Part-songs
- pv - Pavans
- rc - Rock music
- rd - Rondos
- rg - Ragtime music
- ri - Ricercars
- rp - Rhapsodies
- rq - Requiems
- sd - Square dance music
- sg - Songs
- sn - Sonatas
- sp - Symphonic poems
- st - Studies and exercises
- su - Suites
- sy - Symphonies
- tc - Toccatas
- ts - Trio-sonatas
- uu - Unknown
- vr - Variations
- wz - Waltzes
- zz - Other
- || - No attempt to code
- 20 - Format of music
A one-character code that indicates the format of
a printed or manuscript music composition.
- a - Full score
- b - Full score, miniature or study size
- c - Accompaniment reduced for keyboard
- d - Voice score
- e - Condensed score or piano-conductor score
- g - Close score
- m - Multiple score formats
- n - Not applicable
- u - Unknown
- z - Other
- | - No attempt to code
- 21 - Undefined
Contains a blank (#) or fill character (|)
- 22 - Target audience
Indicates the audience for which the item is
intended.
- # - Unknown or not specified
- a - Preschool
- b - Primary
- c - Elementary and junior high
- d - Secondary (senior high)
- e - Adult
- f - Specialized
- g - General
- j - Juvenile
- | - No attempt to code
- 23 - Form of item
A one-character code that indicates the form of
material for printed or manuscript music.
- # - None of the following
- a - Microfilm
- b - Microfiche
- c - Microopaque
- d - Large print
- f - Braille
- r - Regular print reproduction
Eye-readable print.
- s - Electronic
- | - No attempt to code
- 24-29 - Accompanying matter
Up to six one-character codes (recorded in
alphabetical order) that indicate the contents of program notes and other
accompanying material for the sound recording, manuscript music, or printed
music. If fewer than six codes are assigned, the codes are left justified and
each unused position contains a blank (#).
- # - No accompanying matter
- a - Discography
- b - Bibliography
- c - Thematic index
- d - Libretto or text
- e - Biography of composer or author
- f - Biography of performer or history of ensemble
- g - Technical and/or historical information on instruments
- h - Technical information on music
- i - Historical information
- k - Ethnological information
- r - Instructional materials
- s - Music
- z - Other
- | - No attempt to code
- 30-31 - Literary text for sound recordings
Up to two one-character
codes (recorded in the order of the following list) that indicate the type of
literary text contained in the nonmusical sound recording. If only one code is
assigned, it is left justified and the unused position contains a blank (#).
- # - Item is a musical sound recording
- a - Autobiography
- b - Biography
- c - Conference proceedings
- d - Drama
- e - Essays
- f - Fiction
- g - Reporting
- h - History
- i - Instruction
- j - Language instruction
- k - Comedy
- l - Lectures, speeches
- m - Memoirs
- n - Not applicable
- o - Folktales
- p - Poetry
- r - Rehearsals
- s - Sounds
- t - Interviews
- z - Other
- | - No attempt to code
- 32-34 - Undefined
Each contains a blank (#) or fill character
(|)
Go to top of
document
Character Positions
- 18 - Frequency
A one-character code that indicates the frequency of
the serial; used in conjunction with 008/19 (Regularity).
- # - No determinable frequency
Frequency is intentionally irregular.
- a - Annual
- b - Bimonthly
Includes 6, 7, or 8 numbers a year.
- c - Semiweekly
- d - Daily
- e - Biweekly
- f - Semiannual
Includes 2 numbers a year.
- g - Biennial
- h - Triennial
- i - Three times a week
- j - Three times a month
- m - Monthly
Includes 9, 10, 11, or 12 numbers a year.
- q - Quarterly
Includes 4 numbers a year.
- s - Semimonthly
- t - Three times a year
- u - Unknown
- w - Weekly
- z - Other
- | - No attempt to code
- 19 - Regularity
A one-character code that indicates the intended
regularity of the serial; used in conjunction with 008/18 (Frequency).
- n - Normalized irregular
Predictable irregularity pattern.
- r - Regular
- u - Unknown
- x - Completely irregular
The frequency is known to be intentionally
irregular (008/18, code #) or the frequency is expressed on the item as
numbers per year.
- | - No attempt to code
- 20 - ISSN center
A one-character code that indicates the ISSN center
responsible for assigning and maintaining certain data in the bibliographic
record.
- # - No ISSN center code assigned
Used by U.S. organizations other
than CONSER participants and the National Serials Data Program (NSDP).
- 0 - International Center
The ISSN center is in Paris, France.
- 1 - United States
The United States National Serials Data Program.
- 4 - Canada
The ISDS/Canada center.
- z - Other
- | - No attempt to code
- 21 - Type of serial
A one-character code that indicates the type of
serial.
- # - None of the following
This code is also used for yearbooks and
annual reports.
- m - Monographic series
- n - Newspaper
- p - Periodical
- | - No attempt to code
- 22 - Form of original item
A one-character code that indicates the
form of material in which the serial was originally published.
- # - None of the following
- a - Microfilm
- b - Microfiche
- c - Microopaque
- d - Large print
- e - Newspaper format
- f - Braille
- s - Electronic
- | - No attempt to code
- 23 - Form of item
A one-character code that indicates the form of
material for the serial.
- # - None of the following
- a - Microfilm
- b - Microfiche
- c - Microopaque
- d - Large print
- f - Braille
- r - Regular print reproduction
Eye-readable print.
- s - Electronic
- | - No attempt to code
- 24 - Nature of entire work
A one-character code that indicates the
nature of the serial if it consists entirely of a certain type of material. If
more than one code is applicable, 008/24 contains a # and up to three codes
may be recorded in 008/25-27 (Nature of contents).
- # - No specified nature of entire work
- a - Abstracts/summaries
The item consists of abstracts or summaries
of other publications.
- b - Bibliographies
- c - Catalogs
- d - Dictionaries
This code is also used for a glossary or a
gazetteer.
- e - Encyclopedias
- f - Handbooks
- g - Legal articles
- h - Biography
- i - Indexes
The item consists of an index to bibliographical
material other than itself.
- k - Discographies
- l - Legislation
The item consists of full or partial texts of
enactments of legislative bodies or texts of rules and regulations issued by
executive or administrative agencies.
- m - Theses
Indicates that the item is a thesis, dissertation, or
work identified as having been created to satisfy the requirements for an
academic certification or degree.
- n - Surveys of literature in a subject area
The item is or contains
authored surveys that summarize what has been published about a subject.
- o - Reviews
The item consists of critical reviews of published or
performed works.
- p - Programmed texts
- q - Filmographies
- r - Directories
- s - Statistics
- t - Technical reports
- v - Legal cases and case notes
- w - Law reports and digests
- z - Treaties
Indicates that the item is a treaty or accord
negotiated between two or more parties to settle a disagreement, establish a
relationship, grant rights, etc.
- | - No attempt to code
- 25-27 - Nature of contents
Up to three one-character codes (recorded
in alphabetical order) that indicate that the serial contains certain types of
materials. If fewer than three codes are assigned, the codes are left
justified and each unused position contains a blank (#).
- # - No specified nature of contents
- a - Abstracts/summaries
The item consists of abstracts or summaries
of other publications.
- b - Bibliographies
- c - Catalogs
- d - Dictionaries
This code is also used for a glossary or a
gazetteer.
- e - Encyclopedias
- f - Handbooks
- g - Legal articles
- h - Biography
- i - Indexes
The item consists of an index to bibliographical
material other than itself.
- k - Discographies
- l - Legislation
The item consists of full or partial texts of
enactments of legislative bodies or texts of rules and regulations issued by
executive or administrative agencies.
- m - Theses
Indicates that the item is a thesis, dissertation, or
work identified as having been created to satisfy the requirements for an
academic certification or degree.
- n - Surveys of literature in a subject area
The item is or contains
authored surveys that summarize what has been published about a subject
- o - Reviews
The item consists of critical reviews of published or
performed works.
- p - Programmed texts
- q - Filmographies
- r - Directories
- s - Statistics
- t - Technical reports
- v - Legal cases and case notes
- w - Law reports and digests
- z - Treaties
Indicates that the item is a treaty or accord
negotiated between two or more parties to settle a disagreement, establish a
relationship, grant rights, etc.
- | - No attempt to code
- 28 - Government publication
A one-character code that indicates
whether the serial is published or produced by or for a government agency,
and, if so, the jurisdictional level of the agency.
- # - Not a government publication
- a - Autonomous or semi-autonomous component
- c - Multilocal
- f - Federal/national
- i - International intergovernmental
- l - Local
- m - Multistate
- o - Government publication--level undetermined
- s - State, provincial, territorial, dependent, etc.
- u - Unknown if item is government publication
- z - Other
- | - No attempt to code
- 29 - Conference publication
A one-character code that indicates
whether the serial consists of the proceedings, reports, or summaries of a
conference.
- 0 - Not a conference publication
- 1 - Conference publication
- | - No attempt to code
- 30-32 - Undefined
Each contains a blank (#) or fill character (|)
- 33 - Original alphabet or script of title
A one-character code that
indicates the original alphabet or script of the language of the title on the
source item upon which the key title (field 222) is based.
- # - No alphabet or script given/no key title
This code may relate to
the title proper in field 245 when no key title is present.
- a - Basic roman
Includes no diacritics or special characters.
- b - Extended roman
Includes diacritics and special characters.
- c - Cyrillic
- d - Japanese
- e - Chinese
- f - Arabic
- g - Greek
- h - Hebrew
- i - Thai
- j - Devanagari
- k - Korean
- l - Tamil
- u - Unknown
- z - Other
Includes instances of a title that incorporates words from
more than one alphabet or script.
- | - No attempt to code
- 34 - Successive/latest entry
A one-character code that indicates
whether the serial was cataloged according to successive entry or latest entry
cataloging conventions.
- 0 - Successive entry
A new bibliographic record is created each time
a title changes or a corporate body used as a main entry or uniform title
qualifier changes. The earlier or later title or author/title is recorded in
a linking 780/785 field in each record.
- 1 - Latest entry
The serial is cataloged under its most recent title
or issuing body (pre-AACR cataloging rules). All former titles and/or
issuing bodies are given in notes (fields 247, 547, and 550).
- | - No attempt to code
Go to top of
document
Character Positions
- 18-20 - Running time for motion pictures and videorecordings
A
three-digit number that indicates the total running time of the motion picture
or videorecording. The number is right justified and each unused position
contains a zero.
- 000 - Running time exceeds three characters
- 001-999 - Running time
- --- - Running time unknown
- nnn - Not applicable
- ||| - No attempt to code
- 21 - Undefined
Contains a blank (#) or fill character (|)
- 22 - Target audience
A one-character code that indicates the audience
for which the item (primarily educational audiovisual material) is intended.
- # - Unknown or not specified
- a - Preschool
- b - Primary
Kindergarten through the third grade.
- c - Elementary and junior high
- d - Secondary (senior high)
- e - Adult
- f - Specialized
- g - General
- j - Juvenile
- | - No attempt to code
- 23-27 - Undefined; each contains a blank (#) or a fill character (|)
- 28 - Government publication
A one-character code that indicates
whether the item is published or produced by or for a government agency, and,
if so, the jurisdictional level of the agency.
- # - Not a government publication
- a - Autonomous or semi-autonomous component
- c - Multilocal
- f - Federal/national
- i - International intergovernmental
- l - Local
- m - Multistate
- o - Government publication--level undetermined
- s - State, provincial, territorial, dependent, etc.
- u - Unknown if item is government publication
- z - Other
- | - No attempt to code
- 29 - Form of item
A one-character code that indicates the form of
material for the item.
- # - None of the following
- a - Microfilm
- b - Microfiche
- c - Microopaque
- d - Large print
- f - Braille
- r - Regular print reproduction
Eye-readable print.
- s - Electronic
- | - No attempt to code
- 30-32 - Undefined
Each contains a blank (#) or fill character (|)
- 33 - Type of visual material
A one-character code that indicates the
type of visual material item.
- a - Art original
- b - Kit
An item that contains a mixture of components from two or
more categories, no one of which is the predominant constituent of the item.
- c - Art reproduction
- d - Diorama
- f - Filmstrip
- g - Game
- i - Picture
- k - Graphic
- l - Technical drawing
- m - Motion picture
- n - Chart
- o - Flash card
- p - Microscope slide
- q - Model
- r - Realia
- s - Slide
- t - Transparency
- v - Videorecording
- w - Toy
- z - Other
- | - No attempt to code
- 34 - Technique
A one-character code that indicates the technique used
in creating motion in the motion picture or videorecording.
- a - Animation
- c - Animation and live action
- l - Live action
- n - Not applicable
Item is not a motion picture or a videorecording.
- u - Unknown
- z - Other technique
- | - No attempt to code
Go to top of
document
Character Positions
- 18-22 - Undefined
Each contains a blank (#) or fill character (|)
- 23 - Form of item
A one-character code that indicates the form of
material for the item.
- # - None of the following
- a - Microfilm
- b - Microfiche
- c - Microopaque
- d - Large print
- f - Braille
- r - Regular print reproduction
- s - Electronic
- | - No attempt to code
- 24-34 - Undefined
Each contains a blank (#) or fill character
(|)
Go to top of
document
Return to the MARC 21 Concise
Format for Bibliographic Data Home Page
Go to the MARC Home Page
Go to the Library of Congress Home Page
Library of
Congress
Comments: lcweb@loc.gov
(01/28/00/jer)